Life Processes Class 10 MCQ Set 3 | Respiration & Circulation | NCERT JKBOSE CBSE

 Respiration (aerobic and anaerobic), ATP-ADP cycle, human respiratory system, circulatory system (heart, blood vessels, blood pressure), lymphatic system, and transport of gases.

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📌 Quiz: Biology 10th

📚 Subject: Biology

🏫 Class: Class 10

📖 Chapter: Life Process Set C

📝 Questions: 50

📘 Biology 10th

Biology | Life Process Set B

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Q1. What does the reversible arrow (⇌) mean in the equation ADP + Pi ⇌ ATP?

A. The reaction only goes from left to right

B. The reaction only goes from right to left

C. The reaction is reversible, meaning ATP can be formed from ADP+Pi and ATP can break down into ADP+Pi depending on energy availability and demand

D. The reaction is not related to energy

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Q2. How is energy stored in the ATP molecule?

A. In the sugar molecule

B. In the bonds between the phosphate groups, especially the terminal bond

C. In the adenine base

D. In the hydrogen bonds between strands

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Q3. Which part of the human respiratory system is the main site of gas exchange?

A. Trachea

B. Bronchi

C. Alveoli

D. Nasal cavity

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Q4. What is the function of the diaphragm in human respiration?

A. To filter dust from inhaled air

B. To produce sound for speech

C. To create pressure changes that draw air into and push air out of the lungs

D. To exchange gases between blood and air

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Q5. During the breakdown of glucose by various pathways, where does glycolysis occur?

A. In the mitochondria

B. In the nucleus

C. In the cytoplasm

D. In the ribosomes

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Q6. What is the ultimate source of energy for the formation of ATP from ADP and Pi?

A. Sunlight directly

B. The breakdown of glucose and other food molecules during respiration

C. Water molecules

D. Carbon dioxide

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Q7. Which pathway of glucose breakdown produces the maximum number of ATP molecules per glucose?

A. Anaerobic respiration in muscles

B. Anaerobic respiration in yeast

C. Aerobic respiration

D. All produce the same amount

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Q8. Arrange the following parts of the human respiratory system in the correct order through which air passes during inhalation:

A. Nostril → Pharynx → Trachea → Bronchus → Bronchiole → Alveolus

B. Nostril → Trachea → Pharynx → Bronchus → Alveolus → Bronchiole

C. Pharynx → Nostril → Trachea → Bronchiole → Bronchus → Alveolus

D. Nostril → Bronchus → Trachea → Pharynx → Alveolus → Bronchiole

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Q9. What happens to the ATP molecule after it releases energy for cellular work?

A. It is broken down into carbon dioxide and water

B. It is converted into ADP and inorganic phosphate and is later recycled back to ATP

C. It is permanently destroyed and excreted

D. It is stored in the nucleus for future use

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Q10. What is the role of NADH and FADH₂ in the breakdown of glucose during aerobic respiration?

A. They directly produce ATP without any other steps

B. They carry high-energy electrons from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle to the electron transport chain, where ATP is produced

C. They break down glucose into pyruvate

D. They transport oxygen to the mitochondria

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Q11. What is the main function of the circulatory system in human beings?

A. To digest food and absorb nutrients

B. To transport oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body

C. To produce antibodies and fight infection

D. To filter blood and produce urine

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Q12. Why is the human heart called "our pump"?

A. Because it filters waste from blood

B. Because it continuously contracts and relaxes to push blood through blood vessels, just like a mechanical pump moves liquid

C. Because it produces new blood cells

D. Because it stores blood for emergency use

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Q13. How many chambers does the human heart have?

A. Two chambers

B. Three chambers

C. Four chambers

D. Five chambers

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Q14. Which chamber of the human heart has the thickest muscular wall and why?

A. Right atrium because it receives blood from the body

B. Left atrium because it receives blood from the lungs

C. Right ventricle because it pumps blood to the lungs

D. Left ventricle because it has to pump blood to the entire body against high resistance

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Q15. What is the function of valves in the human heart?

A. To produce blood cells

B. To prevent the backward flow of blood, ensuring one-way circulation

C. To increase the speed of blood flow

D. To filter out impurities from blood

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Q16. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?

A. Pulmonary vein

B. Aorta

C. Pulmonary artery

D. Vena cava

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Q17. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

A. Pulmonary artery

B. Pulmonary vein

C. Superior vena cava

D. Aorta

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Q18. What happens to carbon dioxide in the lungs?

A. Carbon dioxide from the inhaled air diffuses into the blood

B. Carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveoli of the lungs to be exhaled

C. Carbon dioxide is converted into oxygen in the lungs

D. Carbon dioxide is stored in the lungs permanently

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Q19. At the tissue level, what happens to oxygen?

A. Oxygen from the blood diffuses into the tissue cells, where it is used for aerobic respiration

B. Oxygen from the tissue cells diffuses into the blood

C. Oxygen is converted into carbon dioxide in the tissues

D. Oxygen binds to carbon dioxide for transport

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Q20. At the tissue level, what happens to carbon dioxide?

A. Carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the tissue cells

B. Carbon dioxide produced by tissue cells diffuses into the blood

C. Carbon dioxide is not exchanged at the tissue level

D. Carbon dioxide is converted into oxygen in the tissues

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Q21. What is blood pressure?

A. The force exerted by blood against the walls of blood vessels, generated by the pumping of the heart

B. The number of times the heart beats per minute

C. The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute

D. The pressure of oxygen in the blood

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Q22. What are the two numbers recorded when measuring blood pressure?

A. Atrial pressure and ventricular pressure

B. Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

C. Pulmonary pressure and aortic pressure

D. Maximum pressure and minimum pressure in veins

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Q23. What is the normal blood pressure range for a healthy adult human?

A. 80/120 mm Hg

B. 120/80 mm Hg

C. 140/90 mm Hg

D. 100/60 mm Hg

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Q24. What are the three main types of blood vessels in the human body?

A. Arteries, veins, and capillaries

B. Atria, ventricles, and valves

C. Pulmonary, systemic, and coronary

D. Red blood vessels, white blood vessels, and platelets

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Q25. Why do arteries have thick, elastic walls?

A. To allow easy exchange of gases

B. Because blood flows at high pressure directly from the heart's pumping action

C. To prevent blood from flowing backward

D. Because they carry only deoxygenated blood

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Q26. Why do veins have valves, while arteries do not?

A. Veins carry blood at low pressure, and valves prevent the backflow of blood against gravity, especially in the limbs

B. Arteries need valves to prevent backflow from the heart

C. Veins have valves to increase blood pressure

D. Valves in veins produce red blood cells

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Q27. What is the function of capillaries in the transportation system?

A. To carry blood at high speed to all organs

B. To serve as the site of exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products between blood and body cells

C. To store extra blood when not needed

D. To produce white blood cells

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Q28. What is the role of platelets in the transportation system?

A. To carry oxygen to tissues

B. To fight against infections

C. To help in blood clotting at the site of an injury, preventing excessive blood loss

D. To transport hormones

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Q29. What happens if platelets are deficient in the blood?

A. The blood will not clot properly, leading to excessive bleeding even from minor injuries

B. The person will have high blood pressure

C. The blood will become too thick to flow

D. The person will get infections easily

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Q30. What is lymph?

A. Red blood cells suspended in plasma

B. A colorless fluid derived from interstitial fluid that drains into lymphatic vessels

C. The fluid inside arteries

D. A digestive juice secreted by the pancreas

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Q31. What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

A. To transport oxygen to the brain

B. To collect excess interstitial fluid from tissues and return it to the bloodstream, and to transport fats and immune cells

C. To produce red blood cells

D. To filter carbon dioxide from the blood

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Q32. How does lymph move through the lymphatic vessels, since there is no heart-like pump for lymph?

A. Lymph moves by gravity alone

B. Lymph is pushed by the contraction of skeletal muscles surrounding the lymphatic vessels and by breathing movements; one-way valves prevent backflow

C. Lymph moves by the pumping action of the lymph nodes

D. Lymph does not move; it stays in the tissues

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Q33. What is the difference between blood and lymph?

A. Blood contains red blood cells, platelets, and more proteins; lymph contains fewer proteins and no red blood cells, but more lymphocytes

B. Blood is colorless, and lymph is red

C. Blood flows only in arteries, lymph flows only in veins

D. There is no difference; they are the same fluid

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Q34. What is the role of hemoglobin?

A. Hemoglobin is a pigment in platelets that helps in clotting

B. Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein in red blood cells that reversibly binds with oxygen, increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

C. Hemoglobin dissolves carbon dioxide in plasma

D. Hemoglobin pumps blood through the heart

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Q35. What is the difference between pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation?

A. Pulmonary circulation carries blood to the lungs for gas exchange; systemic circulation carries blood to the rest of the body

B. Pulmonary circulation carries oxygenated blood; systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood

C. Pulmonary circulation uses veins only; systemic circulation uses arteries only

D. There is no difference

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Q36. What is the function of the sinoatrial node in the heart?

A. It filters blood entering the heart

B. It is the natural pacemaker that initiates the heartbeat by generating electrical impulses

C. It prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

D. It stores blood between heartbeats

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Q37. Why is the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood important in humans?

A. To make the heart look red and blue

B. To maintain high efficiency of oxygen delivery to tissues, ensuring that cells receive fully oxygenated blood for maximum energy production

C. To reduce the workload on the lungs

D. To produce more carbon dioxide

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Q38. What is the function of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

A. To produce red blood cells

B. To filter lymph, trapping bacteria, viruses, and other foreign particles, and to produce lymphocytes

C. To pump lymph through the body

D. To store excess fat

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Q39. What happens to the excess interstitial fluid if the lymphatic system is blocked or damaged?

A. It evaporates through the skin

B. It accumulates in the tissues, causing swelling called edema

C. It is converted into blood

D. It is stored in the liver

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Q40. Trace the correct pathway of a red blood cell carrying oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the leg and back to the lungs.

A. Lungs → pulmonary vein → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → leg artery → leg capillaries → leg vein → vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs

B. Lungs → pulmonary artery → left atrium → left ventricle → vena cava → leg capillaries → leg vein → aorta → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary vein → lungs

C. Lungs → aorta → left atrium → left ventricle → pulmonary vein → leg artery → leg capillaries → leg vein → vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → lungs

D. Lungs → vena cava → right atrium → right ventricle → pulmonary artery → leg artery → leg capillaries → leg vein → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → lungs

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Q41. If a plant is kept in an environment with no carbon dioxide but plenty of sunlight and water, what will happen?

A. Absorption of light energy and splitting of water will continue, but reduction of CO₂ to carbohydrates will stop

B. All steps of photosynthesis will continue normally

C. Only the reduction of CO₂ will happen using stored carbon

D. Splitting of water will stop immediately

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Q42. During the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates, how many molecules of CO₂ are needed to make one molecule of glucose?

A. 1 molecule

B. 3 molecules

C. 6 molecules

D. 12 molecules

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Q43. What happens to the carbohydrates produced after the reduction of carbon dioxide?

A. They are immediately broken down back into CO₂

B. They are converted into other organic compounds like starch, cellulose, and oils for storage, energy, and growth

C. They are stored only as glucose in the vacuole

D. They are excreted out through stomata

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Q44. How do open stomatal pores help in the splitting of water molecules?

A. They directly split water using light energy

B. They allow carbon dioxide to enter, which indirectly creates a demand for the products of water splitting

C. They prevent oxygen from leaving, which speeds up water splitting

D. They absorb light for the guard cells only

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Q45. In very hot and dry conditions, plants close their stomata. What happens to the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates under these conditions?

A. It increases because the plant saves water

B. It decreases or stops because carbon dioxide cannot enter the leaf

C. It continues using oxygen instead of carbon dioxide

D. It happens only at night

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Q46. What happens to the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll if the stomata are closed?

A. Absorption increases because more light enters

B. Absorption decreases because chlorophyll becomes inactive

C. Absorption of light energy can still occur, but without CO₂, the reduction step cannot proceed

D. Chlorophyll changes its color and stops absorbing light

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Q47. During the conversion of light energy to chemical energy, where are the ATP and NADPH produced?

A. In the stroma of the chloroplast

B. In the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

C. In the nucleus of the cell

D. In the cell wall

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Q48. What is the immediate source of electrons for the reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates?

A. Chlorophyll directly

B. Oxygen gas

C. NADPH

D. Carbon dioxide itself

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Q49. What happens if a green plant is kept in complete darkness and then exposed to light after several days?

A. Photosynthesis will begin immediately at the same rate as before

B. The plant will first need to regenerate chlorophyll before photosynthesis can resume

C. Photosynthesis will resume once light is available, provided the plant is still alive and has the necessary raw materials

D. The plant will never recover from darkness

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Q50. Which of the following correctly sequences the events of photosynthesis in order?

A. Light absorption → Water splitting → ATP/NADPH formation → CO₂ fixation → Glucose formation

B. Water splitting → Light absorption → ATP/NADPH formation → Glucose formation → CO₂ fixation

C. CO₂ fixation → Light absorption → Water splitting → ATP/NADPH formation → Glucose formation

D. Light absorption → CO₂ fixation → Water splitting → ATP/NADPH formation → Glucose formation

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